BAT-BORNE H9N2 INFLUENZA VIRUS EVADES MXA RESTRICTION AND EXHIBITS EFFICIENT REPLICATION AND TRANSMISSION IN FERRETS

Bat-borne H9N2 influenza virus evades MxA restriction and exhibits efficient replication and transmission in ferrets

Abstract Influenza A viruses (IAVs) of subtype H9N2 have reached an endemic stage in poultry farms in the Middle East and Asia.As a result, human infections with avian H9N2 viruses have been increasingly Bird Cages reported.In 2017, an H9N2 virus was isolated for the first time from Egyptian fruit bats (Rousettus aegyptiacus).Phylogenetic analyses

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Genetic drift precluded adaptation of an insect seed predator to a novel host plant in a long-term selection experiment.

Host specialization is considered a primary driver of the enormous diversity of herbivorous insects.Trade-offs in host use are hypothesized to promote this specialization, but they have mostly been studied in generalist herbivores.We conducted a multi-generation selection experiment to examine the adaptation of Electronics - Heart Rate Monitors the

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